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  2. Passive daytime radiative cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_daytime_radiative...

    PDRCs mimic the natural process of radiative cooling, in which the Earth cools itself by releasing heat to outer space (Earth's energy budget), although during the daytime, lowering ambient temperatures under direct solar intensity. [5] On a clear day, solar irradiance can reach 1000 W/m 2 with a diffuse component between 50 and 100 W/m 2.

  3. Lapse rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapse_rate

    Because convection is available to transfer heat within the atmosphere, the lapse rate in the troposphere is reduced to around 6.5 °C/km [8] and the greenhouse effect is reduced to a point where Earth has its observed surface temperature of around 288 K (15 °C; 59 °F).

  4. Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illustrative_model_of...

    Earth constantly absorbs energy from sunlight and emits thermal radiation as infrared light. In the long run, Earth radiates the same amount of energy per second as it absorbs, because the amount of thermal radiation emitted depends upon temperature: If Earth absorbs more energy per second than it radiates, Earth heats up and the thermal radiation will increase, until balance is restored; if ...

  5. Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflective_surfaces...

    The albedo of several types of roofs (lower values means higher temperatures). Reflective surfaces, or ground-based albedo modification (GBAM), is a solar radiation management method of enhancing Earth's albedo (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths of the Sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface).

  6. Greenhouse effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect

    Flow of heat in Earth's atmosphere, showing (a) upward radiation heat flow and up/down radiation fluxes, (b) upward non-radiative heat flow (latent heat and thermals), (c) the balance between atmospheric heating and cooling at each altitude, and (d) the atmosphere's temperature profile.

  7. Climate engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_engineering

    [4]: 168 [5] Carbon dioxide removal techniques remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and are part of climate change mitigation. Solar radiation modification is the reflection of some sunlight (solar radiation) back to space to cool the earth. [6] Some publications include passive radiative cooling as a climate engineering technology.

  8. Tipping points in the climate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipping_points_in_the...

    Examples of tipping points include thawing permafrost, which will release methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, or melting ice sheets and glaciers reducing Earth's albedo, which would warm the planet faster. Thawing permafrost is a threat multiplier because it holds roughly twice as much carbon as the amount currently circulating in the atmosphere.

  9. Solar radiation modification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radiation_modification

    SRM aims to increase Earth's albedo by modifying the atmosphere or surface to reflect more sunlight. A 1% increase in planetary albedo could reduce radiative forcing by 2.35 W/m², offsetting most of the warming from current greenhouse gas concentrations. A 2% increase could counteract the warming effect of a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide.