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Anthelmintic medication is also used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. [2] [3] Anthelmintics are also used for mass deworming of livestock. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; [4] for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel. [5]
Mass deworming is one example of mass drug administration. [3] Mass deworming of children can be carried out by administering mebendazole and albendazole which are two types of anthelmintic drug. [5] The cost of providing one tablet every six to twelve months per child (typical doses) is relatively low. [6]
Mebendazole (MBZ), sold under the brand name Vermox among others, is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infestations. [5] This includes ascariasis , pinworm infection , hookworm infections , guinea worm infections and hydatid disease , among others. [ 5 ]
Albendazole is a broad-spectrum antihelmintic and antiprotozoal agent of the benzimidazole type. [3] It is used for the treatment of a variety of intestinal parasite infections, including ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infection, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, taeniasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, cutaneous larva migrans, giardiasis, and gnathostomiasis, among other diseases.
Mass deworming campaigns of school children have been used both as a preventive as well as a treatment method for helminthiasis, which includes soil transmitted helminthiasis in children. Children can be treated by administering, for example, mebendazole and albendazole. The cost is relatively low.
The risk of infection can be reduced on an individual level by not walking barefoot in areas where the disease is common. At a population level, decreasing outdoor defecation, not using raw feces as fertilizer, and mass deworming are effective. [1] Treatment is typically with the medications albendazole or mebendazole for one to three days.
Those recommended by the World Health Organization for ascariasis are: albendazole, mebendazole, levamisole and pyrantel pamoate. [2] Single-dose of albendazole, mebendazole, and ivermectin are effective against ascariasis. They are effective at removing parasites and eggs from the intestines. [34]
Mebendazole has a much higher failure rate in clinical practice than albendazole or ivermectin. [25] However, these drugs have little effect on the autoinfective larvae. Hence, repeat treatments with ivermectin or albendazole must be administered to kill newly matured parasites that have developed from the autoinfective larvae.