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India is situated north of the equator between 8°4' north (the mainland) to 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' east to 97°25' east longitude. [2] It is the seventh-largest country in the world, with a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometres (1,269,219 sq mi).
More detailed knowledge becomes available after the conquests of Alexander the Great, and the 3rd-century BCE geographer Eratosthenes had a clearer idea of the size and location of India. By the 1st century, at least the western coast of India was well known to Hellenistic geography, with itineraries such as the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.
The National Geographical Journal of India is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on all aspects of geography. It is published by the National Geographical Society of India, which is housed at the Department of Geography, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University. [7] [8] The journal was established in 1955.
India, officially the Republic of India, [j] [21] is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area ; the most populous country from June 2023 onwards; [ 22 ] [ 23 ] and since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.
Over time, however, "India" evolved to refer to a distinct political entity that eventually became a nation-state (today the Republic of India). [ 10 ] According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the term subcontinent signifies a "subdivision of a continent which has a distinct geographical, political, or cultural identity" and also a "large ...
Frontispiece to Alfred Russel Wallace's book The Geographical Distribution of Animals. Biogeographic classification of India is the division of India according to biogeographic characteristics. Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species , organisms, and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. India has a rich ...
India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence led by influential figures like Mahatma Gandhi, Subash Chandra Bose and underwent a violent partition. India (as of April 2023) is the most populous country with over 1.4 billion people , and is also the most populous democracy in the world.
Northeast India, officially the North Eastern Region (NER), is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political administrative division of the country. [18] It comprises eight states — Arunachal Pradesh , Assam , Manipur , Meghalaya , Mizoram , Nagaland and Tripura (commonly known as the "Seven Sisters" ), and the ...