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Topaz is a silicate mineral made of aluminum and fluorine with the chemical formula Al 2 Si O 4 (F, OH) 2.It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue or golden brown to yellow-orange. [7]
Aquamarine is a pale-blue to light-green variety of the beryl family, [2] with its name relating to water and sea. [3] The color of aquamarine can be changed by heat, with a goal to enhance its physical appearance (though this practice is frowned upon by collectors and jewelers). [4] It is the birth stone of March. [5]
The mineral is found worldwide, usually in small quantities. Pale blue crystal specimens are found in Madagascar. White and orange variants also occurred at Yate, Bristol, UK, where it was extracted for commercial purposes until April 1991. [10]
According to Strabo, "The topaz is a transparent stone sparkling with a golden lustre, which, however, is not easy to be distinguished in the day-time, on account of the brightness of the surrounding light, but at night the stones are visible to those who collect them.
The topaz in the Field Museum (2009) The Chalmer's Topaz is a topaz gem weighing 5,899.5- carats located in Chicago, Illinois ' Grainger Hall of Gems, in the Field Museum of Natural History . It was named for former Field Museum trustee William J. Chalmers and his wife Joan Chalmers, who established a fund used to purchase gemstones for the ...
The most commonly irradiated gemstone is topaz, which usually becomes blue after the process. [3] Intensely blue topaz does not exist in nature and is the result of artificial irradiation. [ 27 ] According to the American Gem Trade Association, approximately 30 million carats (6,000 kg or 13,000 lb) of topaz are irradiated every year globally ...