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  2. Option type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option_type

    In programming languages (especially functional programming languages) and type theory, an option type or maybe type is a polymorphic type that represents encapsulation of an optional value; e.g., it is used as the return type of functions which may or may not return a meaningful value when they are applied.

  3. Comparison of programming languages by type system

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    This is a comparison of the features of the type systems and type checking of multiple programming languages.. Brief definitions A nominal type system means that the language decides whether types are compatible and/or equivalent based on explicit declarations and names.

  4. List of programming languages by type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming...

    Individual machine languages are specific to a family of processors; machine-language code for one family of processors cannot run directly on processors in another family unless the processors in question have additional hardware to support it (for example, DEC VAX processors included a PDP-11 compatibility mode).

  5. Safe navigation operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safe_navigation_operator

    In object-oriented programming, the safe navigation operator (also known as optional chaining operator, safe call operator, null-conditional operator, null-propagation operator) is a binary operator that returns null if its first argument is null; otherwise it performs a dereferencing operation as specified by the second argument (typically an ...

  6. Type system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_system

    For example, the type "T = ∃X { a: X; f: (X → int); }" describes a module interface that has a data member named a of type X and a function named f that takes a parameter of the same type X and returns an integer. This could be implemented in different ways; for example: intT = { a: int; f: (int → int); } floatT = { a: float; f: (float ...

  7. Comparison of C Sharp and Java - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_C_Sharp_and_Java

    The designers chose to address this problem with a four-step solution: 1) Introducing a compiler switch that indicates if Java 1.4 or later should be used, 2) Only marking assert as a keyword when compiling as Java 1.4 and later, 3) Defaulting to 1.3 to avoid rendering prior (non 1.4 aware code) invalid and 4) Issue warnings, if the keyword is ...

  8. Java syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_syntax

    For example, java.io.InputStream is a fully ... An optional default label may be present to declare ... Java SE 8 introduced default methods to interfaces which ...

  9. Comparison of Java and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_C++

    Optional automated bounds checking (e.g., the at() method in vector and string containers). All operations are required to be bound-checked by all compliant distributions of Java. HotSpot can remove bounds checking. Native unsigned arithmetic support. Native unsigned arithmetic unsupported. Java 8 changes some of this, but aspects are unclear. [3]