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In India an estimated 60 million people have been poisoned by well water contaminated by excessive fluoride, which is dissolved from the granite rocks. The effects are particularly evident in the bone deformities of children. Similar or larger problems are anticipated in other countries including China, Uzbekistan, and Ethiopia. [6]
The pineal gland is present in almost all vertebrates, but is absent in protochordates in which there is a simple pineal homologue. The hagfish , archaic vertebrates, lack a pineal gland. [ 7 ] In some species of amphibians and reptiles, the gland is linked to a light-sensing organ, variously called the parietal eye , the pineal eye or the ...
U.S. standards recommend fluoride levels of 0.7 milligrams per liter of water, and the NTP’s conclusion applied to water fluorinated at 1.5 milligrams per liter and above.
Also, although fluoride affects the physiology of dental bacteria, [90] its effect on bacterial growth does not seem to be relevant to cavity prevention. [91] Fluoride's effects depend on the total daily intake of fluoride from all sources. [51] About 70–90% of ingested fluoride is absorbed into the blood, where it distributes throughout the ...
The subsequent Minister of Health in 2016 ordered the reintroduction of fluoride to Israel's public drinking water. [84] Due to budgetary constraints, it has never taken effect. [85] Dental health professionals and scholarly journals have noted the steep rise in tooth decay, especially in children due to the removal of fluoride in tap water in ...
In any case, it is only the fluoride that is directly present in the mouth (topical treatment) that prevents cavities; fluoride ions that are swallowed do not benefit the teeth. [3] Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply in an effort to reduce tooth decay in people who drink the water. [4]
The research had two goals: (1) to warn communities with a high concentration of fluoride of the danger, initiating a reduction of the fluoride levels in order to reduce incidence rates of fluorosis, and (2) to encourage communities with a low concentration of fluoride in drinking water to add fluoride in order to help prevent tooth decay. By ...
The study, the first of its kind in the U.S., comes as a growing number of cities are opting to ban fluoride in public water systems. “I don’t think we’re at the point where we are saying ...