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The process inverse to particle annihilation can be called matter creation; more precisely, we are considering here the process obtained under time reversal of the annihilation process. This process is also known as pair production, and can be described as the conversion of light particles (i.e., photons) into one or more massive particles.
Photons with high photon energy can transform in quantum mechanics to lepton and quark pairs, the latter fragmented subsequently to jets of hadrons, i.e. protons, pions, etc.At high energies E the lifetime t of such quantum fluctuations of mass M becomes nearly macroscopic: t ≈ E/M 2; this amounts to flight lengths as large as one micrometer for electron pairs in a 100 GeV photon beam, while ...
Because photons have zero rest mass, no wave function defined for a photon can have all the properties familiar from wave functions in non-relativistic quantum mechanics. [ f ] In order to avoid these difficulties, physicists employ the second-quantized theory of photons described below, quantum electrodynamics , in which photons are quantized ...
The photon's energy is converted to particle mass in accordance with Einstein's equation, E = mc 2; where E is energy, m is mass and c is the speed of light. The photon must have higher energy than the sum of the rest mass energies of an electron and positron (2 × 511 keV = 1.022 MeV, resulting in a photon wavelength of 1.2132 pm ) for the ...
The Breit–Wheeler process is the creation of an electron–positron pair following the collision of two high-energy photons (gamma photons). The nonlinear Breit–Wheeler process or multiphoton Breit–Wheeler is the creation of an electron-positron pair from the decay of a high-energy photon (gamma photon) interacting with a strong electromagnetic field such as a laser.
Using weak laser pulses, small numbers of photons were fired into the cloud. [4] As the photons entered the cloud, their energy excited atoms along their path, causing them to lose speed. Inside the cloud medium, the photons dispersively coupled to strongly interacting atoms in highly excited Rydberg states. This caused the photons to behave as ...
This fermion pair can be leptons or quarks. Thus, two-photon physics experiments can be used as ways to study the photon structure, or, somewhat metaphorically, what is "inside" the photon. The photon fluctuates into a fermion–antifermion pair. Creation of a fermion–antifermion pair through the direct two-photon interaction.
The neutrino theory of light is the proposal that the photon is a composite particle formed of a neutrino–antineutrino pair.It is based on the idea that emission and absorption of a photon corresponds to the creation and annihilation of a particle–antiparticle pair.