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Symptoms can be less severe during gradual narrowing, as this allows time for the widening of existing vessels and the formation of new ones (collateral vessels), allowing blood to still reach the area. Symptoms in this case will simply be intermittent claudication. [3]
Angiopathy is the generic term for a disease of the blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries). [1] This also refers to the condition of damage or rupture of small blood vessels. The best known and most prevalent angiopathy is diabetic angiopathy , a common complication of chronic diabetes .
"Onion-skin" renal arteriole. This is a type of arteriolosclerosis involving a narrowed lumen. [4] The term "onion-skin" is sometimes used to describe this form of blood vessel [14] with thickened concentric smooth muscle cell layer and thickened, duplicated basement membrane.
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in men and women. [16] This condition is the cause of one third of all deaths, which is especially worse in areas with lower socioeconomic status. [16] Mortality is nearly five times higher in men than women, but mortality difference narrows with age. [16]
Signs and symptoms are also applied to physiological states outside the context of disease, as for example when referring to the signs and symptoms of pregnancy, or the symptoms of dehydration. Sometimes a disease may be present without showing any signs or symptoms when it is known as being asymptomatic . [ 13 ]
Other symptoms are syncope and hemoptysis. [14] DVT is a common cause. Thus, symptoms including leg pain, redness, and swelling can be present. [15] The likelihood of pulmonary embolism can be evaluated through various criteria. The Wells score is often calculated. It gives points based on these symptoms and patient risk factors. [13] [14]
Peripheral arterial disease is more common in these populations: [42] [50] All people who have leg symptoms with exertion (suggestive of claudication) or ischemic rest pain; All people aged 65 years and over, regardless of risk factor status; All people between 50 and 69 who have a cardiovascular risk factor (particularly diabetes or smoking)
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5] [6] [14] It is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. [15]