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5-HTTLPR (serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region) is a degenerate repeat (redundancy in the genetic code) polymorphic region in SLC6A4, the gene that codes for the serotonin transporter. Since the polymorphism was identified in the middle of the 1990s, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] it has been extensively investigated, e.g., in connection with ...
The serotonin transporter (SERT or 5-HTT) also known as the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and solute carrier family 6 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene. [5] SERT is a type of monoamine transporter protein that transports the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic ...
Four meta analyses on receptor binding in depression have been performed, two on serotonin transporter (5-HTT), one on 5-HT 1A, and another on dopamine transporter (DAT). One meta analysis on 5-HTT reported that binding was reduced in the midbrain and amygdala , with the former correlating with greater age, and the latter correlating with ...
Epigenetics of depression is the study of how epigenetics (heritable characteristics that do not involve changes in DNA sequence) contribute to depression. Major depressive disorder is heavily influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Caspi et al. (2003) found that individuals possessing one or two copies of the short genetic variant of the serotonin transporter gene (5HTTLPR) were more prone to experiencing depression following exposure to an adverse life event. [21]
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT 2B) also known as serotonin receptor 2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR2B gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] 5-HT 2B is a member of the 5-HT 2 receptor family that binds the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).
It has been observed that the pathology of depression involves dysfunction of monoamine neurotransmitter circuits in the CNS, particularly of serotonin and norepinephrine. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most widely used antidepressant and include fluoxetine (Prozac), citalopram (Celexa), and fluvoxamine (Luvox). These ...
Methylation of the promoter region in the gene encoding the 5HTR1A receptor decreases the concentration of this receptor throughout the brain. Thus, the negative feedback loop regulating the transmission of serotonin is diminished, leading to longer periods of serotonin binding to post-synaptic cells and decreased presynaptic stores of serotonin.