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t. e. Plate tectonics (from Latin tectonicus, from Ancient Greek τεκτονικός (tektonikós) 'pertaining to building') [1] is the scientific theory that Earth 's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago. [2][3][4] The model builds on the concept of continental ...
Manus Plate – Tiny tectonic plate northeast of New Guinea. North Bismarck Plate – Small tectonic plate in the Bismarck Sea north of New Guinea. North Galápagos Microplate – Tectonic plate off west South America. Solomon Sea Plate – Minor tectonic plate near the Solomon Islands archipelago in the Pacific Ocean.
Marine geology. Marine geology or geological oceanography is the study of the history and structure of the ocean floor. It involves geophysical, geochemical, sedimentological and paleontological investigations of the ocean floor and coastal zone. Marine geology has strong ties to geophysics and to physical oceanography.
Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία (-logía) 'study of, discourse') [ 1 ][ 2 ] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [ 3 ]
Tectonic uplift is the geologic uplift of Earth's surface that is attributed to plate tectonics. While isostatic response is important, an increase in the mean elevation of a region can only occur in response to tectonic processes of crustal thickening (such as mountain building events), changes in the density distribution of the crust and ...
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. [1] This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres: the biosphere, hydrosphere / cryosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere (or lithosphere). Earth ...
Biogeology. Biogeology is the study of the interactions between the Earth's biosphere and the lithosphere. [1] Pyrite. Biogeology examines biotic, hydrologic, and terrestrial systems in relation to each other, to help understand the Earth's climate, oceans, and other effects on geologic systems. [2]
Plateau. In geology and physical geography, a plateau (/ pləˈtoʊ, plæˈtoʊ, ˈplætoʊ /; French: [plato]; pl.: plateaus or plateaux), [1][2] also called a high plain or a tableland, is an area of a highland consisting of flat terrain that is raised sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. [3]