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  2. Water cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_cycle

    The water cycle (or hydrologic cycle or hydrological cycle), is a biogeochemical cycle that involves the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. The mass of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time. However, the partitioning of the water into the major reservoirs of ice, fresh water, salt water and ...

  3. Evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation

    Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. [1] A high concentration of the evaporating substance in the surrounding gas significantly slows down evaporation, such as when humidity affects rate of evaporation of water. [2] When the molecules of the liquid collide, they transfer ...

  4. Phase transition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition

    In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma.

  5. Condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation

    Condensation forming in the low pressure zone above the wing of an aircraft due to adiabatic expansion. Condensation is the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. [1] It can also be defined as the change in the state of water ...

  6. Transpiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpiration

    The clouds in this image of the Amazon Rainforest are a result of evapotranspiration. Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. It is a passive process that requires no energy expense by the plant. [1]

  7. Phase (matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter)

    v. t. e. In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water.

  8. Water vapor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor

    The red line on the chart to the right is the maximum concentration of water vapor expected for a given temperature. The water vapor concentration increases significantly as the temperature rises, approaching 100% (steam, pure water vapor) at 100 °C. However the difference in densities between air and water vapor would still exist (0.598 vs. 1 ...

  9. Thermodynamic cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle

    A thermodynamic cycle consists of linked sequences of thermodynamic processes that involve transfer of heat and work into and out of the system, while varying pressure, temperature, and other state variables within the system, and that eventually returns the system to its initial state. [1] In the process of passing through a cycle, the working ...