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  2. Crossing number (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossing_number_(graph_theory)

    In graph theory, the crossing number cr (G) of a graph G is the lowest number of edge crossings of a plane drawing of the graph G. For instance, a graph is planar if and only if its crossing number is zero. Determining the crossing number continues to be of great importance in graph drawing, as user studies have shown that drawing graphs with ...

  3. Sinc function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinc_function

    Sinc function. In mathematics, physics and engineering, the sinc function, denoted by sinc (x), has two forms, normalized and unnormalized. [1] In mathematics, the historical unnormalized sinc function is defined for x ≠ 0 by. Alternatively, the unnormalized sinc function is often called the sampling function, indicated as Sa (x). [2]

  4. NumPy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NumPy

    numpy.org. NumPy (pronounced / ˈnʌmpaɪ / NUM-py) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. [3] The predecessor of NumPy, Numeric, was originally created by Jim Hugunin with ...

  5. Canny edge detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canny_edge_detector

    A variational explanation for the main ingredient of the Canny edge detector, that is, finding the zero crossings of the 2nd derivative along the gradient direction, was shown to be the result of minimizing a Kronrod–Minkowski functional while maximizing the integral over the alignment of the edge with the gradient field (Kimmel and ...

  6. Line–line intersection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line–line_intersection

    Line–line intersection. Two intersecting lines. In Euclidean geometry, the intersection of a line and a line can be the empty set, a point, or another line. Distinguishing these cases and finding the intersection have uses, for example, in computer graphics, motion planning, and collision detection. In three-dimensional Euclidean geometry, if ...

  7. Zero crossing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_crossing

    A zero-crossing in a line graph of a waveform representing voltage over time. A zero-crossing is a point where the sign of a mathematical function changes (e.g. from positive to negative), represented by an intercept of the axis (zero value) in the graph of the function. It is a commonly used term in electronics, mathematics, acoustics, and ...

  8. Resolution of singularities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolution_of_singularities

    The problem is to find a resolution that is an isomorphism over the set of smooth and simple normal crossing points. When X is a divisor, i.e. it can be embedded as a codimension-one subvariety in a smooth variety it is known to be true the existence of the strong resolution avoiding simple normal crossing points. The general case or ...

  9. Reconstruction from zero crossings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_from_zero...

    According to Logan, a signal is uniquely reconstructible from its zero crossings if: The signal x ( t) and its Hilbert transform xt have no zeros in common with each other. The frequency-domain representation of the signal is at most 1 octave long, in other words, it is bandpass - limited between some frequencies B and 2 B.