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So while a dictionary is an example of a tertiary source, an ancient dictionary is actually a primary source—for the meanings of words in the ancient world. There are no quaternary sources: Either the source is primary, or it describes, comments on, or analyzes primary sources (in which case, it is secondary), or it relies heavily or entirely ...
Sampling of university-based sources that address the question: "A newspaper article is a primary source if it reports events, but a secondary source if it analyses and comments on those events." "Characteristically, primary sources are contemporary to the events and people described [e.g., like a newspaper article on a current event]...
Primary sources present information or data, such as: archeological artifacts. photographs. historical documents such as a diary, census, video or transcript of surveillance, a public hearing, trial, or interviews. tabulated results of surveys or questionnaires. written or recorded records of laboratory assays or observations.
This wall painting found in the Roman city of Pompeii is an example of a primary source about people in Pompeii in Roman times (portrait of Terentius Neo).. In the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called an original source) is an artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was created at the time ...
Dictionaries and encyclopedias: reference works containing multiple entries for different words or topics. Wikipedia is an example of an encyclopedia. Archival and other primary sources: historic documents. This page outlines appropriate use of primary sources. Magazine articles: short papers in popular or trade publications.
These examples demonstrate why primary, secondary, and tertiary source definitions can be difficult for some editors to grasp, and a source for contention. While it is useful to grasp these distinctions, it is most important to just keep focused on using these sources in a manner which does not involve original research.
A secondary source summarizes one or more primary or secondary sources to provide an overview of current understanding of the topic, to make recommendations, or to combine results of several studies. Examples include literature reviews or systematic reviews found in medical journals, specialist academic or professional books, and medical ...
A scientific paper documenting a new experiment conducted by the author is a primary source on the outcome of that experiment. Secondary sources provide an author's own thinking based on primary sources, generally at least one step removed from an event. It contains an author's interpretation, analysis, or evaluation of the facts, evidence ...