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In chemistry, phosphorus oxoacid (or phosphorus acid) is a generic name for any acid whose molecule consists of atoms of phosphorus, oxygen, and hydrogen. [1] There is a potentially infinite number of such compounds. Some of them are unstable and have not been isolated, but the derived anions and organic groups are present in stable salts and ...
A general formula for such cyclic compounds is [HPO 3] x where x = number of phosphoric units in the molecule. When metaphosphoric acids lose their hydrogens as H +, cyclic anions called metaphosphates are formed. An example of a compound with such an anion is sodium hexametaphosphate (Na 6 P 6 O 18), used as a sequestrant and a food additive.
It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane and alcohols. The formula for this acid is generally written H 3 PO 2, but a more descriptive presentation is HOP(O)H 2, which highlights its monoprotic character. Salts derived from this acid are called hypophosphites. [3] HOP(O)H 2 exists in equilibrium with the minor ...
Hypophosphoric acid can be prepared by the reaction of red phosphorus with sodium chlorite at room temperature. [2]2 P + 2 NaClO 2 + 2 H 2 O → Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 6 + 2 HCl. A mixture of hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) is produced when white phosphorus oxidises in air when partially immersed in water.
An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains oxygen. Specifically, it is a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, with at least one hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen that can dissociate to produce the H + cation and the anion of the acid. [1]
The phosphate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion H(PO 4) 2−, which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion H 2 (PO 4) −
Phosphoric acid forms esters, called organophosphates. [17] The name "orthophosphoric acid" can be used to distinguish this specific acid from other "phosphoric acids", such as pyrophosphoric acid. Nevertheless, the term "phosphoric acid" often means this specific compound; and that is the current IUPAC nomenclature.
A phosphoryl group is a trivalent >P(=O)− group, consisting of a phosphorus atom (symbol P) and an oxygen atom (symbol O), where the three free valencies are on the phosphorus atom. While commonly depicted as possessing a double bond (P=O) the bonding is in fact non-classical. [1]