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Renin (etymology and pronunciation), also known as an angiotensinogenase, is an aspartic protease protein and enzyme secreted by the kidneys that participates in the body's renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)—also known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis—that increases the volume of extracellular fluid (blood plasma, lymph, and interstitial fluid) and causes arterial ...
Renin is produced by juxtaglomerular cells, also known as granular cells. These cells are similar to epithelium and are located in the tunica media of the afferent arterioles as they enter the glomeruli. [4] The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin in response to: Stimulation of the beta-1 adrenergic receptor
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance.
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin in response to a drop in pressure detected by stretch receptors in the vascular walls, or when stimulated by macula densa cells. Macula densa cells are located in the distal convoluted tubule, and stimulate juxtaglomerular cells to release renin when they detect a drop in chloride concentration in tubular fluid.
Renin cleaves the peptide bond between the leucine (Leu) and valine (Val) residues on angiotensinogen, creating the decapeptide (ten amino acid) (des-Asp) angiotensin I. Renin is produced in the kidneys in response to renal sympathetic activity, decreased intrarenal blood pressure (<90mmHg systolic blood pressure [11]) at the juxtaglomerular ...
Renin: Peptide: Kidney: Juxtaglomerular cells: Activates the renin–angiotensin system by producing angiotensin I of angiotensinogen: 57 Secretin: SCT Peptide: duodenum: S cell: SCT receptor: Secretion of bicarbonate from liver, pancreas and duodenal Brunner's glands. Enhances effects of cholecystokinin Stops production of gastric juice 58 ...
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Prorenin (/ p r ə ˈ r iː n ɪ n / [1]) is a protein that constitutes a precursor for renin, [2] the hormone that activates the renin–angiotensin system, which serves to raise blood pressure. Prorenin is converted into renin by the juxtaglomerular cells , which are specialised smooth muscle cells present mainly in the afferent, but also the ...