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The United States experienced the beginnings of a pandemic of a novel strain of the influenza A/H1N1 virus, commonly referred to as "swine flu", in the spring of 2009.The earliest reported cases in the US began appearing in late March 2009 in California, [114] then spreading to infect people in Texas, New York, and other states by mid-April. [115]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified the first two A/09(H1N1) swine flu cases in California on April 17, 2009, via the Border Infectious Disease Program, [135] for a San Diego County child, and a naval research facility studying a special diagnostic test, where influenza sample from the child from Imperial County was tested. [136]
A 2009 review by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) concluded that the 2009 H1N1 vaccine has a safety profile similar to that of the seasonal vaccine. In 2011, a study from the US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network estimated the overall effectiveness of all pandemic H1N1 vaccines at 56%.
A(H1N1) Outbreak and Pandemic Milestones in North America 17 March: First case in the world of what would later be identified as swine flu. 28 March First case in the US of what would later be identified as swine flu. 12 April First known death due to what would later be identified as swine flu. 25 April Community outbreaks confirmed in United ...
Because reported numbers represented only confirmed cases, they were a "very great understatement" of the total number of cases of infection, according to the CDC. [320] From 12 April 2009 to 10 April 2010, CDC estimated there were 60.8 million cases, 274,304 hospitalizations, and 12,469 deaths in the US due to the virus. [321]
US influenza statistics by flu season. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention page called "Disease Burden of Flu": "Each year CDC estimates the burden of influenza in the U.S. CDC uses modeling to estimate the number of flu illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths related to flu that occurred in a given season.
For instance, the Illinois Department of Public Health updated the number of confirmed cases in Illinois to 225 at 10 a.m. CT on May 6, 2009, [115] while the CDC update at 11:00 AM ET that day showed only 122 confirmed cases in Illinois. [116] The CDC report also currently lists one trans-state case.
The CDC stated most studies on modern influenza vaccines have seen no link with GBS, [87] [89] [90] Although one review gives an incidence of about one case per million vaccinations, [91] a large study in China, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, covering close to 100 million doses of H1N1 flu vaccine, found only 11 cases of GBS ...