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The Polish State Railways (Polish: Polskie Koleje Państwowe [ˈpɔlskʲɛ ˈkɔlɛjɛ paj̃ˈstfɔvɛ], abbr.: PKP S.A. [2]) is a Polish state-owned holding company (legally a sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury) comprising the rail transport holdings of the country's formerly dominant namesake railway operator.
Polish State Railways (PKP), a state-owned corporate group and part of the PKP Group conglomerate, is the main provider of railway services, holding an almost complete monopoly on long-distance passenger services. It is both supported and partly funded by the government.
The history of rail transport in Poland dates back to the first half of the 19th century when railways were built under Prussian, Russian, and Austrian rule. Of course, "divided Poland" in the 19th century was the territory of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth rather than today's Republic of Poland.
History of rail transport in Poland; References Durrant, A. E. (1972). The Steam ... ATLAS parowozów (in Polish). Poznań: Poznański Klub Modelarzy Kolejowych.
Every railway line in Poland has its own number, with the lowest numbers attached to the most important and most strategic routes. Line number 1 links Warsaw Centralna with Katowice Central Station, while line number 999, the last one on the list, is a side track, joining Piła Main with a secondary-importance station of Piła North (Pila Północ).
Some of Poland's narrow-gauge railways are maintained by volunteers; one organization dedicated to preserving narrow-gauge railways is the FPKW, the Polish Narrow Gauge Railways Foundation. [6] A few tramways also use 1000mm gauge, in Bydgoszcz, Elbląg, Grudziądz, Łódź and Toruń.
High-speed rail service (Polish: Kolej dużych prędkości) commenced in Poland on 14 December 2014, with the introduction of 20 non-tilting New Pendolino trainsets operating on 4 designated lines radiating out from Warsaw.
PKP Intercity is the subsidiary of the PKP Group responsible for long-distance rail passenger transport in Poland. It operates around 350 trains daily, connecting large agglomerations and smaller towns in Poland. It offers its services under TLK, InterCity, Express Intercity and Express Intercity Premium brands. The company also provides most ...