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Under single-winner plurality voting, and in systems based on single-member districts, plurality voting is called single member [district] plurality (SMP), [2] [3] which is widely known as "first-past-the-post". In SMP/FPTP the leading candidate, whether or not they have a majority of votes, is elected.
For example, if from 100 votes that were cast, 45 were for candidate A, 30 were for candidate B and 25 were for candidate C, then candidate A received a plurality of votes but not a majority. In some election contests, the winning candidate or proposition may need only a plurality, depending on the rules of the organization holding the vote. [3]
First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or first-preference , and the candidate with the most first-preference marks (a plurality ) is elected, regardless of whether they have over half of votes (a ...
A number of voting methods are used within the various jurisdictions in the United States, the most common of which is the first-past-the-post system, where the highest-polling candidate wins the election. [5] Under this system, a candidate who achieves a plurality (that is, the most) of vote wins.
A two-party system is most common under plurality voting.Voters typically cast one vote per race. Maurice Duverger argued there were two main mechanisms by which plurality voting systems lead to fewer major parties: (i) small parties are disincentivized to form because they have great difficulty winning seats or representation, and (ii) voters are wary of voting for a smaller party whose ...
Cary previously used the nonpartisan plurality election method from 1871-1935 and 1963-2000. Some council members worry the plurality method might put candidates who didn’t win a majority of ...
Runoff voting is intended to reduce the potential for eliminating "wasted" votes by tactical voting. Under the plurality voting system (also known as first past the post), voters are encouraged to vote tactically, by voting for only one of the two leading candidates, because a vote for any other candidate will not affect the result. Under ...
First-past-the-post, a vote/ballot for one member to be returned, on a plurality basis Multiple ballots, one per designated seat, using system above; Proportional representation, any voting system that seeks to result in representation in proportion to the number of respective votes cast overall in an election, or in a multi-member district