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Members of Hesperocyparis were and still are placed in Cupressus by many authorities, but phylogenetic evidence supports a different affinity. A 2021 molecular study found Hesperocyparis to be the sister group to the genus Callitropsis (containing only the Nootka cypress), with this clade being sister to the Asian genus Xanthocyparis, containing only the Vietnamese golden cypress.
Cupressus is one of several genera of evergreen conifers within the family Cupressaceae that have the common name cypress; for the others, see cypress. It is considered a polyphyletic group. Based on genetic and morphological analysis, the genus Cupressus is found in the subfamily Cupressoideae .
It is an IUCN Red List Critically Endangered species, and a California Native Plant Society Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants listed Seriously endangered species. [ 1 ] [ 9 ] The entire native (world) population of the tree was reduced down to thirty to forty individual trees by the 2003 Cedar Fire .
Hesperocyparis macrocarpa also known as Cupressus macrocarpa, [4] [5] or the Monterey cypress is a coniferous tree, and is one of several species of cypress trees native to California. The Monterey cypress is found naturally only on the Central Coast of California .
Hesperocyparis arizonica was given its first scientific name and described by Edward Lee Greene in 1882 as Cupressus arizonica, placing it in genus Cupressus. [3] [5] This description was soon after disputed by Maxwell T. Masters who, in 1896, published a journal article where he said it should be considered a subspecies of Cupressus benthamii with the variety name of arizonica. [3]
Cypress-pines (Callitris species), Australia and New Caledonia [15] False cypress (Chamaecyparis species), Asia and North America. [16] Fujian cypress (Fokienia hodginsii), southeastern China [17] Guaitecas cypress (Pilgerodendron uviferum), western Patagonia [18] and Tierra del Fuego [13] Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), East Asia