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Foreign relations between Cyprus and the United Kingdom are considered generally positive. Cyprus gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1960, after 82 years of British control; the two countries now enjoy warm relations, though the continuing British sovereignty of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus continues to divide Cypriots.
A British protectorate under nominal Ottoman suzerainty was established over Cyprus by the Cyprus Convention of 4 June 1878, following the Russo-Turkish War, in exchange for British support of the Ottomans during the Congress of Berlin. [3] Cyprus was then proclaimed a British protectorate and was informally integrated into the British Empire.
Cyprus was then annexed by the British Empire on 5 November 1914. During the course of the First World War Britain offered to cede Cyprus to Greece if they would fulfill treaty obligations to attack Bulgaria, but Greece declined. Britain proclaimed Cyprus the Crown colony of British Cyprus in 1925, under an undemocratic constitution.
Turkey recognised British possession of Cyprus by the Treaty of Lausanne on 24 July 1923 and the island became a Crown Colony on 10 March 1925. Following the London and Zürich Agreements of 19 February 1959 Cyprus became an independent republic on 16 August 1960, and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1961.
View history; General ... British Cyprus (5 C, 11 P) ... Northern Cyprus–United Kingdom relations (5 C) T. Treaties extended to British Cyprus (35 P)
Hence, non-British and non-military personnel with a connection to the territory cannot live and work in the UK and must use their Cypriot passports to apply for visas to the UK. Under the terms of the 1960 agreement with Cyprus establishing the Sovereign Base Areas, the United Kingdom is committed not to use the areas for civilian purposes. [65]
The Treaty of Guarantee was designed to preserve bi-communal consociationalism and independent state of the Republic of Cyprus. Cyprus and the guarantor powers (the United Kingdom, Turkey and Greece) promised to prohibit the promotion of "either the union of the Republic of Cyprus with any other State, or the partition of the Island".
When the British annexed Cyprus in 1914, Cypriots' political status changed and they found it easier to travel. [1] The 1931 British Census recorded more than 1,000 Cypriot-born people, but many of these were the children of British military personnel serving in the Mediterranean. [2]