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  2. Arrhenius equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhenius_equation

    This has the same form as an equation for a straight line: = +, where x is the reciprocal of T. So, when a reaction has a rate constant obeying the Arrhenius equation, a plot of ln k versus T −1 gives a straight line, whose slope and intercept can be used to determine E a and A respectively. This procedure is common in experimental chemical ...

  3. Polar coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_coordinate_system

    The equation defining a plane curve expressed in polar coordinates is known as a polar equation. In many cases, such an equation can simply be specified by defining r as a function of φ. The resulting curve then consists of points of the form (r(φ), φ) and can be regarded as the graph of the polar function r.

  4. Arrhenius plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhenius_plot

    Arrhenius plots are often used to analyze the effect of temperature on the rates of chemical reactions. For a single rate-limited thermally activated process, an Arrhenius plot gives a straight line, from which the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor can both be determined.

  5. Marcus theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_theory

    The graph of G vs. Δe is a parabola (Fig. 1). ... Thus Marcus's theory builds on the traditional Arrhenius equation for the rates of chemical reactions in two ways ...

  6. Pole and polar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole_and_polar

    Conversely, the polar line (or polar) of a point Q in a circle C is the line L such that its closest point P to the center of the circle is the inversion of Q in C. If a point A lies on the polar line q of another point Q, then Q lies on the polar line a of A. More generally, the polars of all the points on the line q must pass through its pole Q.

  7. Q10 (temperature coefficient) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q10_(temperature_coefficient)

    A plot illustrating the dependence on temperature of the rates of chemical reactions and various biological processes, for several different Q 10 temperature coefficients. . The rate ratio at a temperature increase of 10 degrees (marked by points) is equal to the Q 10 coefficie

  8. Polar diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_diagram

    A polar diagram could refer to: Polar area diagram, a type of pie chart; Radiation pattern, in antenna theory; A diagram based on polar coordinates; Spherical coordinate system, the three-dimensional form of a polar response curve; In sailing, a Polar diagram is a graph that shows a sailing boats potential wind speed over a range of wind and ...

  9. Pre-exponential factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-exponential_factor

    In chemical kinetics, the pre-exponential factor or A factor is the pre-exponential constant in the Arrhenius equation (equation shown below), an empirical relationship between temperature and rate coefficient. It is usually designated by A when determined from experiment, while Z is usually left for collision frequency. The pre-exponential ...