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Pentan-3-ol. Other names 3-Pentanol, diethyl carbinol ... 3-Pentanol is one of the eight isomers of amyl alcohol. It is found naturally and has a role as a pheromone ...
Three of these alcohols, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-pentanol, and 3-methyl-2-butanol (methyl isopropyl carbinol), contain stereocenters, and are therefore chiral and optically active. The most important amyl alcohol is isoamyl alcohol , the chief one generated by fermentation in the production of alcoholic beverages and a constituent of fusel oil .
It occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis [2] as well as in the cell walls of some Gram-positive bacteria, in the form of ribitol phosphate, in teichoic acids. [3] It also forms part of the chemical structure of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which is a nucleotide coenzyme used by many enzymes, the so-called flavoproteins. [4]
Most other isomers of pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol are chiral, but xylitol has a plane of symmetry. Industrial production starts with lignocellulosic biomass from which xylan is extracted; raw biomass materials include hardwoods, softwoods, and agricultural waste from processing maize, wheat, or rice. The mixture is hydrolyzed with acid to give xylose.
The designation rac-chiro-inositol has been used for the racemic mixture (racemate) of equal parts of the two chiro isomers. It crystallizes as a single phase, rather than separate D and L crystals, that melts at 250 °C (which is 4–5 °C higher than the melting point of the pure enantiomers) and decomposes between 308 and 344 °C.
Pentyl is a five-carbon alkyl group or substituent with chemical formula-C 5 H 11.It is the substituent form of the alkane pentane.. In older literature, the common non-systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group.
Chiral molecules in the receptors in our noses can tell the difference between these things. Chirality affects biochemical reactions, and the way a drug works depends on what kind of enantiomer it is. Many drugs are chiral and it is important that the shape of the drug matches the shape of the cell receptor it is meant to affect.
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