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Rupture of membranes (ROM) or amniorrhexis is a term used during pregnancy to describe a rupture of the amniotic sac. [1] Normally, it occurs spontaneously at full term either during or at the beginning of labor .
Chorioamnionitis is inflammation of the amniotic sac (chorio-+ amnion + -itis), usually because of infection. It is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis. During labor, the amniotic sac must break so that the child can be born. This is known as rupture of membranes (ROM). Normally, it occurs spontaneously at full term either during or at the ...
Artificial rupture of membranes (AROM), also known as an amniotomy, is performed by a midwife or obstetrician and was once thought to be an effective means to induce or accelerate labor. The membranes can be ruptured using a specialized tool, such as an amnihook or amnicot, or they may be ruptured by the proceduralist's finger.
The amniotic fluid is the protective liquid contained by the amniotic sac of a gravid amniote. This fluid serves as a cushion for the growing fetus, but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between mother and fetus. For humans, the amniotic fluid is commonly called water or waters (Latin liquor ...
The amniotic sac consists of two parts: The outer membrane is the chorion. It is closest to the mother and physically supports the much thinner amnion. The chorion is the last and outermost of the membranes that make up the amniotic sac. [13] The inner membrane is the amnion. It is in direct contact with the amniotic fluid, which surrounds the ...
If the amniotic sac has not yet broken during labour the health care provider may break it in a technique called an amniotomy. In an amniotomy a thin plastic hook is used to make a small opening in the sac, causing the water to break. [26] If the sac breaks before labour starts, it's called a prelabour rupture of membranes. Contractions will ...
The fetal membranes separate maternal tissue from fetal tissue at a basic mechanical level. The fetal membrane is composed of a thick cellular chorion covering a thin amnion composed of dense collagen fibrils. The amnion is in contact with the amniotic fluid and ensures structural integrity of the sac due to its mechanical strength.
This, the amniotic fold, first makes its appearance at the cephalic extremity, and subsequently at the caudal end and sides of the embryo, and gradually rising, its different parts meet and fuse over the dorsal aspect of the embryo, and enclose a cavity, the amniotic cavity. This kind of amnion is known as pleuroamnion (formed by folding), as ...