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Roman head of a Dacian of the type known from Trajan's Forum, AD 120–130, marble, on 18th-century bust. The Dacians (/ ˈ d eɪ ʃ ən z /; Latin: Daci; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, [1] Δάοι, [1] Δάκαι [2]) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.
Constant raiding by the tribes into the adjacent provinces of Moesia and Pannonia caused the local governors and the emperors to undertake a number of punitive actions against the Dacians. [1] All of this kept the Roman Empire and the Dacians in constant social, diplomatic, and political interaction during much of the late pre-Roman period. [1]
A Dacian kingdom that united the Dacians and the Getae was formed under the rule of Burebista in 82 BC and lasted until the Roman conquest in AD 106. As a result of the wars with the Roman Empire , after the conquest of Dacia, the population was dispersed, and the capital city, Sarmizegetusa Regia , was destroyed by the Romans.
The Roman world and the Dacian kingdom of Burebista in 49 BC at the outbreak of the Roman civil war Burebista , after reorganizing the state internally, reformed the army , creating a complex and solid system of fortifications in the Orăștie Mountains , around the capital, Sarmizegetusa Regia , and the center of the new state.
Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflicts were triggered by the constant Dacian threat on the Danubian province of Moesia and also by the increasing need for resources of the economy of the Empire.
106 AD, Dacia becomes a province of the Roman Empire conquered by Trajan. Pieporus, king of Dacian Costoboci – 2nd century AD (inscription) [39] [40] Tarbus – 2nd century AD. Dio Cassius mentioned him without specifying his origin. Some authors consider a possible Dacian ethnicity [41] [42]
The head of the defeated Dacian king Decebalus (left background) is displayed on a shield to Roman troops (AD 106). The head was then taken to Rome to form the central exhibit in the emperor Trajan's official Triumph Tiberius Claudius Maximus memorial. Decebalus was hunted down and finally cornered by Roman detachments seeking his head.
Saboci / Sabokoi, they were a Dacian tribe, among the enemies of the Romans in the Marcomannic Wars (166-180 AD), according to Julius Capitolinus" [2] Serri; Senses / Sensii [1] Suci; Trixae [1] Getae [6] (a closely related people to the Dacians, mainly east of the Carpathian Mountains, roughly matching the Dacia Inferior Roman Province) Britolages