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The word "varnish" comes from Mediaeval Latin vernix, meaning odorous resin, perhaps derived from Middle Greek berōnikón or beroníkē, meaning amber or amber-colored glass. [4] A false etymology traces the word to the Greek Berenice , the ancient name of modern Benghazi in Libya, where the first varnishes in the Mediterranean area were ...
The varnish is made by melting the resin and mixing it with (e.g.) linseed oil. Sandarac resin melts at about 150 °C to a colourless or slightly yellow liquid. Its specific gravity is about 1.04. [5] In mid-to-late 19th century photography, a varnish was applied as a preservative to photographic negatives and positives.
Mastic is excreted by the resin glands of Pistacia lentiscus [3] and dries into pieces of brittle, translucent resin. When chewed, the resin softens and becomes a bright white and opaque gum. The flavor is bitter at first, but after some chewing, it releases a refreshing flavor similar to pine and cedar. cleaning mastic tears in Pyrgi
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. [1] Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested ...
Kauri gum forms when resin from kauri trees leaks out through fractures or cracks in the bark, hardening upon exposure to air. Lumps commonly fall to the ground and can be covered with soil and forest litter, eventually fossilising. Other lumps form as branches forked or trees are damaged, releasing the resin. [5]
Shellac naturally contains a small amount of wax (3%–5% by volume), which comes from the lac bug. In some preparations, this wax is removed (the resulting product being called "dewaxed shellac"). This is done for applications where the shellac will be coated with something else (such as paint or varnish), so the topcoat will adhere.
Black is common, and japanning is often synonymous with black japanning. The European technique uses varnishes that have a resin base, similar to shellac, applied in heat-dried layers which are then polished, to give a smooth glossy finish. It can also come in reds, greens and blues.
Rosin (/ ˈ r ɒ z ɪ n /), also known as colophony or Greek pitch (Latin: pix graeca), is a resinous material obtained from pine trees and other plants, mostly conifers.The primary components of rosin are diterpenoids, i.e., C 20 carboxylic acids.