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In the study of chronobiology, entrainment refers to the synchronization of a biological clock to an environmental cycle. An example is the interaction between circadian rhythms and environmental cues, such as light and temperature. Entrainment helps organisms adapt their bodily processes according to the timing of a changing environment. [1]
Brainwave entrainment is a colloquialism for 'neural entrainment', [25] which is a term used to denote the way in which the aggregate frequency of oscillations produced by the synchronous electrical activity in ensembles of cortical neurons can adjust to synchronize with the periodic vibration of external stimuli, such as a sustained acoustic ...
Within each cycle, the time period during which the process is more active is called the acrophase. [4] When the process is less active, the cycle is in its bathyphase or trough phase. The particular moment of highest activity is the peak or maximum; the lowest point is the nadir.
This ability to align behaviors such as feeding and activity to the external environmental cycle is a process called entrainment. [ 5 ] Biological rhythms , including cycles related to sleep and wakefulness, mood, and cognitive performance, are synchronized with the body's internal circadian clock . [ 6 ]
DSPT occurs when one sleeps late and is unable to wake up early, resulting in a lack of entrainment to a typical working schedule. There are a number of methods to help resolve DSPT, including white light exposure in the morning and light restriction after 4:00 p.m., light masks, and blue light exposure in the morning. [23]
Aschoff provided a strong foundation for the field of chronobiology through his research on circadian rhythms and entrainment in many different organisms such as rats, mice, birds, macaques, monkeys, and humans. His early research focused on understanding the properties of circadian rhythms and how these rhythms can change in response to stimuli.
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Research indicates that during cognitive control tasks, increased theta amplitude is observed in frontal brain regions, which are critical for decision-making and behavioral regulation. Specifically, theta activity is thought to support mechanisms that allow individuals to adapt their behavior based on changing environmental demands and ...