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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common and economically devastating infectious disease affecting beef cattle in the world. [1] It is a complex, bacterial or viral infection that causes pneumonia in calves which can be fatal.
Exudate from the sun-burnt skin around the eyes can contain bacteria and attracts flies. UV light also directly damages the corneal epithelium, leading to a breakdown in host innate immunity. Dust, dried-up plants, tall vegetation, and oversized or incorrectly placed ear tags may cause mechanical damage to the eye and facilitate bacterial ...
In feedlot cattle, a diet containing a high proportion of cereal grain can lead to primary ruminal tympany. [5] The main signs of bloat in cattle are distension of the left side of the abdomen, dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and severe distress. If gas continues to accumulate, the right side of the abdomen may also become distended, with death ...
In sheep, BTV causes an acute disease with high morbidity and mortality. BTV also infects goats, cattle, and other domestic animals, as well as wild ruminants (for example, blesbuck, white-tailed deer, elk, and pronghorn antelope). [3] [10] The clinical signs are summarized under the term FFF (fever, face, feet). [11]
Psoroptes ovis infests sheep worldwide and can be a serious welfare and animal-production problem for sheep farmers. Infestations of cattle with mites of the similar genus Chorioptes , in combination with Sarcoptes mite infestation, has been shown to cause a failure to gain body weight by 15.5 to 37.2 kilograms ( 34 + 1 ⁄ 8 to 82 lb) over a ...
The virus sheds in such high titers that it will spread rapidly throughout a herd. Even though cattle might not be showing clinical signs they can still spread the disease. Aside from cattle, studies experimentally infecting animals have shown that goats and buffalo can act as reservoirs for BoHV-1, as well as red deer, sheep, swine, and ...
Fog fever is a refeeding syndrome in cattle, clinically named acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPEE) and bovine atypical interstitial pneumonia. [1] [2] This veterinary disease in adult cattle follows an abrupt move from feedlot (dried feed indoors) to 'foggage pasture' (fast growing, lush pasture, with high protein levels).
In cattle and sheep, it causes mild fever and its main importance is when it spreads to humans by feeding of the larvae or nymphs of these ticks. [17] There are other viruses transmitted by ticks between wild animals and that have zoonotic importance when humans also become infected.