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X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome. As an inheritance pattern, it is less common than the X-linked recessive type.
X-LINKED DOMINANT LETHALS: These disorders are incompatible with early embryonic survival. They are seen only in females and not in males because, in the severe form, they will cause the death of a male embryo, but as females are less severely affected female embryo will survive.
X-linked dominant and X-linked recessive inheritance patterns are two important genetic mechanisms associated with disorders located on the X chromosome. While X-linked dominant disorders can affect both males and females, X-linked recessive disorders are more commonly observed in males.
Several basic modes of inheritance exist for single-gene disorders: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, and X-linked recessive. However, not all genetic conditions will follow these patterns, and other rare forms of inheritance such as mitochondrial inheritance exist.
X-Linked Dominant (XD) In X-linked dominant inheritance, the gene responsible for the disease is located on the X-chromosome, and the allele that causes the disease is dominant to the normal allele in females.
An X-linked dominant condition describes a genetic condition caused by a variant in a gene on the X chromosome where only one copy of the altered gene is needed to cause the condition. Therefore, both males and females can be affected by X-linked dominant conditions.
X-linked dominant inheritance is a way a genetic trait or condition can be passed down from parent to child through mutations (changes) in a gene on a single X chromosome. In females (who have two X chromosomes), a mutation in a gene on one of the X chromosomes is enough to cause the condition.