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In some cases where the radius of the substitutional atom (ion) is substantially smaller than that of the atom (ion) it is replacing, its equilibrium position can be shifted away from the lattice site. These types of substitutional defects are often referred to as off-center ions. There are two different types of substitutional defects ...
Kröger–Vink notation is a set of conventions that are used to describe electric charges and lattice positions of point defect species in crystals.It is primarily used for ionic crystals and is particularly useful for describing various defect reactions.
In crystallography, a vacancy is a type of point defect in a crystal where an atom is missing from one of the lattice sites. [2] Crystals inherently possess imperfections, sometimes referred to as crystallographic defects. Vacancies occur naturally in all crystalline materials.
This could ease the theoretical phase diagram generation of multicomponent systems. For alloys containing transition metal elements there is a difficulty in interpretation of the Hume-Rothery electron concentration rule, as the values of e/a values (number of itinerant electrons per atom) for transition metals have been quite controversial for ...
Adsorbed molecules, substitutional and interstitial atoms are also illustrated. [3] Depending on the position of an atom on a surface, it can be referred to by one of several names. Figure 1 illustrates the names for the atomic positions and point defects on a surface for a simple cubic lattice.
Simplified atomic structure of the NV center. The nitrogen-vacancy center (N-V center or NV center) is one of numerous photoluminescent point defects in diamond.Its most explored and useful properties include its spin-dependent photoluminescence (which enables measurement of the electronic spin state using optically detected magnetic resonance), and its relatively long (millisecond) spin ...
In materials science, an interstitial defect is a type of point crystallographic defect where an atom of the same or of a different type, occupies an interstitial site in the crystal structure. When the atom is of the same type as those already present they are known as a self-interstitial defect .
These sites or holes can be filled with other atoms (interstitial defect). The picture with packed circles is only a 2D representation. In a crystal lattice, the atoms (spheres) would be packed in a 3D arrangement. This results in different shaped interstitial sites depending on the arrangement of the atoms in the lattice.