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Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 / ˌ k oʊ k j uː ˈ t ɛ n /), also known as ubiquinone, is a naturally occurring biochemical cofactor (coenzyme) and an antioxidant produced by the human body. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It can also be obtained from dietary sources, such as meat, fish, seed oils, vegetables, and dietary supplements .
A ubiquinol is an electron-rich (reduced) form of coenzyme Q (ubiquinone). The term most often refers to ubiquinol-10, with a 10-unit tail most commonly found in humans.. The natural ubiquinol form of coenzyme Q is 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-poly prenyl-1,4-benzoquinol, where the polyprenylated side-chain is 9-10 units long in mammals.
The risk of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis increases with older age, use of interacting medications such as fibrates, and hypothyroidism. [95] [96] Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) levels are decreased in statin use; [97] CoQ10 supplements are sometimes used to treat statin-associated myopathy, though evidence of their efficacy is lacking as of 2017. [98]
The patients took 300 milligrams of Coenzyme Q10 (100 milligrams three times daily, with meals) or matching placebos for two years. [2] The results from the Q-Symbio study showed significantly improved symptoms and survival for the patients taking the active Coenzyme Q10 treatment together with their conventional heart failure medications. [2]
In a 1984 study, Judy reported that Coenzyme Q10 supplementation could help to offset the inhibitory effects of the chemotherapy drug adriamycin (doxorubicin) on the bio-synthesis of Coenzyme Q10 and could alleviate the cardio-toxicity of the drug. Adriamycin is an established chemotherapeutic drug with known anti-tumor effects; however, its ...
The results of the Coenzyme Q10 treatment were even more impressive in the European sub-study. Treatment with Coenzyme Q10 300 milligrams per day in addition to conventional heart failure medications was safe, well tolerated, and effective at reducing symptoms and improving survival rates of chronic heart failure patients. [2]