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Lichen planus may be categorized as affecting mucosal or cutaneous surfaces.. Cutaneous forms are those affecting the skin, scalp, and nails. [10] [11] [12]Mucosal forms are those affecting the lining of the gastrointestinal tract (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, anus), larynx, and other mucosal surfaces including the genitals, peritoneum, ears, nose, bladder and conjunctiva of the eyes.
Grinspan syndrome is a syndrome characterized by presence of the triad: essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and oral lichen planus. [1] Oral lichen planus is thought to be a result of the drugs used for treatment of hypertension and diabetes mellitus but this is not confirmed. [citation needed]
Lichenoid eruptions are dermatoses related to the unique, common inflammatory disorder lichen planus, which affects the skin, mucous membranes, nails, and hair. [74] [75] [76] Annular lichen planus Lichen planus actinicus; Atrophic lichen planus; Bullous lichen planus (vesiculobullous lichen planus) Erosive lichen planus
Desquamative gingivitis is a descriptive clinical term, not a diagnosis. [1] Dermatologic conditions cause about 75% of cases of desquamative gingivitis, and over 95% of the dermatologic cases are accounted for by either oral lichen planus or cicatricial pemphigoid. [1]
Wickham striae or Wickham's striae are whitish lines visible in the papules of lichen planus and other dermatoses, typically in the oral mucosa. [1] The microscopic appearance shows hypergranulosis. They are named after Louis Frédéric Wickham. [2] [3]
Some superficial fungal infections of the skin can appear similar to other skin conditions such as eczema and lichen planus. [7] Treatment is generally performed using antifungal medicines, usually in the form of a cream or by mouth or injection, depending on the specific infection and its extent. [15] Some require surgically cutting out ...
This is possible due to the action of lichen phenolics such as usnic acid derivatives. [34] From the 1950s the lichen product usnic acid was the object of most antitumour research. These studies revealed some in vitro antitumour activity by substances identified in two common lichens Peltigera leucophlebia and Collema flaccidum. [35]