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  2. Martin Lings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Lings

    Martin Lings (24 January 1909 – 12 May 2005), also known as Abū Bakr Sirāj ad-Dīn, was an English writer, Islamic scholar, and philosopher.A student of the Swiss metaphysician Frithjof Schuon [1] and an authority on the work of William Shakespeare, he is best known as the author of Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, first published in 1983 and still in print.

  3. Traditionalism (perennialism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalism_(perennialism)

    The ideas of Traditionalism are considered to begin with René Guénon.Other representatives of this school of thought include Ananda Coomaraswamy, Frithjof Schuon, Titus Burckhardt, Martin Lings, Hossein Nasr, William Stoddart, Jean-Louis Michon, Marco Pallis, Lord Northbourne, Huston Smith, Awadh Kishore Saran, Harry Oldmeadow, Reza Shah-Kazemi and Patrick Laude.

  4. Sufism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufism

    Sufism (Arabic: الصوفية‎, romanized: al-Ṣūfiyya or Arabic: التصوف‎, romanized: al-Taṣawwuf) is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism, and asceticism. [1] Six Sufi masters, c. 1760

  5. Murshid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murshid

    In Sufism, it is the transmission of the divine light from the murshid's heart to the disciple's which surpasses any other source of knowledge and is the only way to progress directly towards the divine. The concept of Murshid Kamil Akmal (also known as Insan-e-Kamil) is significant in most tariqas.

  6. Islamic Texts Society - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Texts_Society

    The Islamic Texts Society has published over sixty titles, including the bestselling [7] biography by Martin Lings, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, and key works on Hadith studies, Islamic jurisprudence and Sufism. The long-term aim of the Islamic Texts Society is to provide a comprehensive English library on Islam and its ...

  7. Irfan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irfan

    According to the founder of the Qadiriyya Sufi order, Abdul Qadir Gilani irfan is the acknowledgement of God's unity. This acceptance is achieved by studying under Islamic scholars who give insight on the internal meanings of Islamic rituals, such as the salah.

  8. Sufi studies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufi_studies

    Muhammad al-Fasi al-Shadili's proper teacher had been initiated into the Shadhili by al-Arabi ad-Darqawi, some of whose letters were translated by Martin Lings (1961); they form the background to Martin Lings' outline of the autobiographical writings of Ahmad al-Alawi, who was linked to the Shadhili through ad-Darqawi. Sheikh Ahmad al-Alawi ...

  9. Wali - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wali

    With regard to the sheer omnipresence of this belief, the late Martin Lings wrote: "There is scarcely a region in the empire of Islam which has not a Sufi for its Patron Saint." [ 52 ] As the veneration accorded saints often develops purely organically in Islamic climates, the Awliya Allah are often recognized through popular acclaim rather ...