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The textile industry is a water-intensive industry that significantly strains the world's water supply. [11] In exhaust dyeing, the ratio of textile to liquor has the most effect on how much water is used. If the liquor ratio is changed from 1:10 to 1:8, 20% less water is used and 15% less money is spent on processing.
Dyeing Pigments for sale at a market in Goa, India Cotton being dyed manually in contemporary India Silk dye in pan on stove. Khotan. Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns, and fabrics with the goal of achieving color with desired color fastness.
A dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the material to which it is being applied. This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber. [2]
Textile manufacturing in the modern era is an evolved form of the art and craft industries. Until the 18th and 19th centuries, the textile industry was a household work. It became mechanised in the 18th and 19th centuries, and has continued to develop through science and technology since the twentieth century. [2]
Dyeing is the craft of imparting colors to textiles in loose fiber, yarn, cloth or garment form by treatment with a dye. Archaeologists have found evidence of textile dyeing with natural dyes dating back to the Neolithic period.
Wet process engineering is the most significant division in textile preparation and processing. It is a major stream in textile engineering, which is under the section of textile chemical processing and applied science. Textile manufacturing covers everything from fiber to apparel; covering with yarn, fabric, fabric dyeing, printing, finishing ...
Carding is the processing of brushing raw or washed fibers to prepare them as textiles. Carpet A carpet is any loom-woven, felted textile or grass floor covering. Cashmere Cashmere is wool from the Cashmere goat. Cellulose Cellulose fiber can be processed to make cellophane and rayon, and more recently Modal, a textile derived from beechwood ...
One of the biggest concerns of the modern day textile industry is that synthetic textiles do not biodegrade over time. Approximately 700,000 tons of dyes are being used in the textile industry every year. 10 to 15 percent of the dyes that are used during clothing production remain unfixed dyes. [1]