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  2. Armourstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armourstone

    Stone sample comprising 50 stones Distribution of the weights of the 50 stones. For fine-grained materials, such as sand, the size is typically represented by the median diameter. This measurement is ascertained by sieving the sand. However, for armourstone, producing a sieve curve isn't feasible because the stones are too large for sieving.

  3. Hudson's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson's_equation

    Hudson's equation, also known as Hudson formula, is an equation used by coastal engineers to calculate the minimum size of riprap (armourstone) required to provide satisfactory stability characteristics for rubble structures such as breakwaters under attack from storm wave conditions.

  4. Permeability (porous media) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permeability_(porous_media)

    Symbol used to represent in situ permeability tests in geotechnical drawings. In fluid mechanics, materials science and Earth sciences, the permeability of porous media (often, a rock or soil) is a measure of the ability for fluids (gas or liquid) to flow through the media; it is commonly symbolized as k.

  5. Shields formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shields_formula

    Question: What stone size is needed to defend this soil against a current of 2 m/s? This cannot be solved directly, first an assumption must be made for the d. Take a stone size of 5cm. That gives a Chézy value of 37. When this is entered in the Shields formula it gives a stone size of 5.7cm. The 5cm was a little too small.

  6. Lists of physics equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_physics_equations

    In physics, there are equations in every field to relate physical quantities to each other and perform calculations. Entire handbooks of equations can only summarize most of the full subject, else are highly specialized within a certain field. Physics is derived of formulae only.

  7. Fineness modulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fineness_modulus

    The Fineness Modulus (FM) is an empirical figure obtained by adding the total percentage of the sample of an aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves, dividing the sum by 100. Sieves sizes are: 150-μm (No. 100), 300-μm (No. 50), 600-μm (No. 30), 1.18-mm (No. 16), 2.36-mm (No. 8), 4.75-mm (No. 4), 9.5-mm (3/8-in.), 19.0-mm ...

  8. List of conversion factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conversion_factors

    See Weight for detail of mass/weight distinction and conversion. Avoirdupois is a system of mass based on a pound of 16 ounces, while Troy weight is the system of mass where 12 troy ounces equals one troy pound. The symbol g 0 is used to denote standard gravity in order to avoid confusion with the (upright) g symbol for gram.

  9. Darcy's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy's_law

    Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium and through a Hele-Shaw cell.The law was formulated by Henry Darcy based on results of experiments [1] on the flow of water through beds of sand, forming the basis of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences.