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Urinary tract infection in pediatric patients is a significant clinical issue, affecting approximately 7% of fevered infants and children. [43] If left untreated, the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys, resulting in acute pyelonephritis, which leads to hypertension , kidney scarring , and end-stage kidney disease .
Lower urinary tract infection is also referred to as a bladder infection. The most common symptoms are burning with urination and having to urinate frequently (or an urge to urinate) in the absence of vaginal discharge and significant pain. [4] These symptoms may vary from mild to severe [10] and in healthy women last an average of six days. [19]
The evolution of bacteria on a "Mega-Plate" petri dish A list of antibiotic resistant bacteria is provided below. These bacteria have shown antibiotic resistance (or antimicrobial resistance). Gram positive Clostridioides difficile Clostridioides difficile is a nosocomial pathogen that causes diarrheal disease worldwide. Diarrhea caused by C. difficile can be life-threatening. Infections are ...
Azithromycin, sold under the brand names Zithromax (in oral form) and Azasite (as an eye drop), is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of several bacterial infections. [10] This includes middle ear infections , strep throat , pneumonia , traveler's diarrhea , and certain other intestinal infections . [ 10 ]
[1] [2] [3] In clinical studies, it has been found to reduce total number of UTIs by about 70%, to increase UTI-free rates from around 25% to 57%, and to increase time to next UTI from about 1.6 months to 9.0 months. [2] [4] [5] [6] It has also been found to reduce subjective UTI symptoms, reduce antibiotic use, and improve quality of life.
If symptoms persist, follow-up with a urologist may be necessary to identify the cause. According to a study, tinidazole used with doxycycline or azithromycin may cure NGU better than when doxycycline or azithromycin is used alone. [8] If left untreated, complications include epididymitis and infertility.
The dosage may be increased up to 6 mg/kg/dose as needed, but not exceed the maximum dose for adults. For children with diseases other than above: 3 mg/kg/dose, 3 times a day after meals. The dosage may be adjusted according to the disease or the patients age and symptoms, but not exceed the maximum dose for adults.
The treatment of choice is often azithromycin and cefixime to cover both gonorrhoeae and chlamydia. Fluoroquinolones are no longer recommended due to widespread resistance of gonorrhoeae to this class. [8] Doxycycline may be used as an alternative to azithromycin. In chronic epididymitis, a four- to six-week course of antibiotics may be ...