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A cross-section of an ear of corn, showing the cob. A corncob, also called corn cob or cob of corn, is the hard core of an ear of maize, bearing the kernels, made up of the chaff, woody ring, and pith. Corncobs contain mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. [1]
Multicoloured kernels on a single corn cob. Corn kernels are the fruits of maize. Maize is a grain, and the kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or a source of starch. The kernels can be of various colors: blackish, bluish-gray, purple, green, red, white and yellow. The kernel of maize consists of a pericarp (fruit
Maize requires human intervention for its propagation. The kernels of its naturally-propagating teosinte ancestor fall off the cob on their own, while those of domesticated maize do not. [2] All maize arose from a single domestication in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago. The oldest surviving maize types are those of the Mexican highlands.
Flint corn (Zea mays var. indurata; also known as Indian corn or sometimes calico corn) is a variant of maize, the same species as common corn. [1] Because each kernel has a hard outer layer to protect the soft endosperm, it is likened to being hard as flint, hence the name. [2]
The US is the world's largest producer of corn. [8] According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the average U.S. yield for corn was 177 bushels per acre, up 3.3 percent over 2020 and a record high, with 16 states posting state records in output, and Iowa reporting a record of 205 bushels of corn per acre.
Glass Gem Corn is an American heirloom flint corn, or maize. It is a variety of what people call "Indian corn" and is considered unique due to its rainbow coloring. [1] [2] Glass Gem Corn has been called the "poster child" for the return to heirloom seeds. It became popular on social media in 2012 due to its unique appearance. [3]
Small, primitive maize cobs have been found at five different sites in New Mexico and Arizona. These sites encompass a wide climatic range, from the Tucson basin in the Arizona desert, at an elevation of 700 m (2300 ft), to a rocky cave on the Colorado Plateau at 2200 m (7200 ft).
Pod corn or wild maize is a variety of maize (corn). [1] [2] It is not a wild ancestor of maize but rather a mutant that forms leaves around each kernel. [3] Pod corn (tunicata Sturt) is not grown commercially, but it is preserved in some localities. [4] Pod corn forms glumes around each kernel which is caused by a mutation at the Tunicate locus.