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Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars. Hover your mouse over the image to see the names of over 60 prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor.
Mars has an axial tilt of 25.19°, quite close to the value of 23.44° for Earth, and thus Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter as Earth does. As on Earth, the southern and northern hemispheres have summer and winter at opposing times. However, the orbit of Mars has significantly greater eccentricity than that of Earth. Therefore ...
Artist's rendition of Mars Express as seen by NASA's Mars Global Surveyor Image of Mars Express in orbit at Mars. 2001 Mars Odyssey was launched April 7, 2001 on a Delta II rocket and currently holds the record for the longest-surviving continually active spacecraft in orbit around a planet other than Earth at 23 years, 4 months and 10 days.
Dust devils are common on Mars. [160] [14] Like their counterparts on Earth, dust devils form when the convective vortices driven by strong surface heating are loaded with dust particles. [161] [162] Dust devils on Mars usually have a diameter of tens of meters and height of several kilometers, which are much taller than the ones observed on Earth.
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An 1877 map of Mars by Giovanni Schiaparelli. North is at the top of this map. In most maps of Mars drawn before space exploration the convention among astronomers was to put south at the top because the telescopic image of a planet is inverted. The first detailed observations of Mars were from ground-based telescopes.
What makes this January moment special is that it means Mars will get the sun’s full glare, which will illuminate its appearance when people see the planet from Earth.
Like Earth, Mars appears to have a molten iron core, or at least a molten outer core. [5] However, there does not appear to be convection in the mantle. Presently Mars shows little geological activity. The elemental composition of Mars is different from Earth's in several significant ways.