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Body integrity dysphoria (BID), also referred to as body integrity identity disorder (BIID), amputee identity disorder or xenomelia, and formerly called apotemnophilia, is a rare mental disorder characterized by a desire to have a sensory or physical disability or feeling discomfort with being able-bodied, beginning in early adolescence and resulting in harmful consequences. [1]
Gender, side of limb loss, and etiology of amputation have not been shown to affect the onset of phantom limb pain. [2] One investigation of lower limb amputation observed that as stump length decreased, and therefore length of the phantom limb increased, there was a greater incidence of moderate and severe phantom pain. [8]
Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) as defined by the European Neuromuscular Centre in 2018. [1] [2] They are named by the following system: LGMD, recessive or dominant inheritance (R or D), order of discovery (number), affected protein. [1] LGMD D1 DNAJB6-related; LGMD D2 TNP03-related; LGMD D3 HNRNPDL-related; LGMD D4 calpain3-related
A phantom limb is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached. It is a chronic condition that is often resistant to treatment. [1] When the cut ends of sensory fibres are stimulated during thigh movements, the patient feels as if the sensation is arising from the non-existent limb.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 February 2025. The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric ...
Conversion disorder presented motor or sensory symptoms including: Motor symptoms or deficits: Impaired coordination or balance; Weakness/paralysis of a limb or the entire body (hysterical paralysis or motor conversion disorders) Impairment or loss of speech (hysterical aphonia) Difficulty swallowing or a sensation of a lump in the throat
Psychomotor agitation is typically found in various mental disorders, especially in psychotic and mood disorders. It can be a result of drug intoxication or withdrawal. It can also be caused by severe hyponatremia. People with existing psychiatric disorders and men under the age of 40 are at a higher risk of developing psychomotor agitation. [2]
Diagnosis depends on the ability of physicians to explain the symptoms and on psychological influences. [1] There are, however, authors who propose that the diagnosis for unexplained pain should be adjustment disorder because it does not pathologize individuals with this medical condition. [6]