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Merkle–Damgård hash construction. In the diagram, the one-way compression function is denoted by f, and transforms two fixed length inputs to an output of the same size as one of the inputs. The algorithm starts with an initial value, the initialization vector (IV). The IV is a fixed value (algorithm- or implementation-specific).
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of cryptographic hash functions. See the individual functions' articles for further information. This article is not all-inclusive or necessarily up-to-date.
The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, [3] and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. MD5 can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption.
Hash function Security claim Best attack Publish date Comment GOST: 2 128: 2 105: 2008-08-18 Paper. [12]HAVAL-128 : 2 64: 2 7: 2004-08-17 Collisions originally reported in 2004, [13] followed up by cryptanalysis paper in 2005.
MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function, MD4, and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. Collisions against MD5 can be calculated within seconds, which makes the algorithm unsuitable for most use cases where a cryptographic hash is required. MD5 produces a digest of 128 bits (16 bytes).
hash JH: 224 to 512 bits hash LSH [19] 256 to 512 bits wide-pipe Merkle–Damgård construction: MD2: 128 bits hash MD4: 128 bits hash MD5: 128 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: MD6: up to 512 bits Merkle tree NLFSR (it is also a keyed hash function) RadioGatún: arbitrary ideal mangling function RIPEMD: 128 bits hash RIPEMD-128: 128 bits ...
This attack is normally harder, a hash of n bits can be broken in 2 (n/2)+1 time steps, but is much more powerful than a classical collision attack. Mathematically stated, given two different prefixes p 1, p 2, the attack finds two suffixes s 1 and s 2 such that hash(p 1 ∥ s 1) = hash(p 2 ∥ s 2) (where ∥ is the concatenation operation).
The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. [3] The digest length is 128 bits. The algorithm has influenced later designs, such as the MD5, SHA-1 and RIPEMD algorithms.