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In chemistry, linkage isomerism or ambidentate isomerism is a form of structural isomerism in which certain coordination compounds have the same composition but differ in which atom of the ligand is bonded to the metal. Typical ligands that give rise to linkage isomers are: cyanide, CN − – isocyanide, NC −; cyanate, OCN − – isocyanate ...
In DNA-ligand binding studies, the ligand can be a small molecule, ion, [1] or protein [2] which binds to the DNA double helix. The relationship between ligand and binding partner is a function of charge, hydrophobicity, and molecular structure. Binding occurs by intermolecular forces, such as ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces.
The metal–ligand bond can be further stabilised by a formal donation of electron density back to the ligand in a process known as back-bonding. In this case a filled, central-atom-based orbital donates density into the LUMO of the (coordinated) ligand. Carbon monoxide is the preeminent example a ligand that engages metals via back-donation.
Thiocyanate can bind metals at either sulfur or nitrogen — it is an ambidentate ligand. Other factors, e.g. kinetics and solubility, sometimes influence the observed isomer. For example, [Co(NH 3) 5 (NCS)] 2+ is the thermodynamic isomer, but [Co(NH 3) 5 (SCN)] 2+ forms as the kinetic product of the reaction of thiocyanate salts with [Co(NH 3 ...
In biochemistry and molecular biology, a binding site is a region on a macromolecule such as a protein that binds to another molecule with specificity. [1] The binding partner of the macromolecule is often referred to as a ligand. [2]
Ambident dienophile 57 reacts with DAPC 54 at the cyclobutene π-bond to produce ligand 58; in contrast, the related ambident dienophile 59 reacts with DAPC 54 at the naphthoquinone π-center to produce adduct 60 (lack of shielding of the methylene protons supports the stereochemical assignment).
In coordination chemistry, a bridging ligand is a ligand that connects two or more atoms, usually metal ions. [1] The ligand may be atomic or polyatomic. Virtually all complex organic compounds can serve as bridging ligands, so the term is usually restricted to small ligands such as pseudohalides or to ligands that are specifically designed to ...
A ligand binding assay (LBA) is an assay, or an analytic procedure, which relies on the binding of ligand molecules to receptors, antibodies or other macromolecules. [1] A detection method is used to determine the presence and amount of the ligand-receptor complexes formed, and this is usually determined electrochemically or through a fluorescence detection method. [2]