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  2. Ternary operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_operation

    In the Euclidean plane with points a, b, c referred to an origin, the ternary operation [,,] = + has been used to define free vectors. [2] Since (abc) = d implies b – a = c – d, the directed line segments b – a and c – d are equipollent and are associated with the same free

  3. Geometry of Complex Numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry_of_Complex_Numbers

    An underlying theme of the book is the representation of the Euclidean plane as the plane of complex numbers, and the use of complex numbers as coordinates to describe geometric objects and their transformations. [1] The chapter on circles covers the analytic geometry of circles in the complex plane. [2]

  4. Planar ternary ring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planar_ternary_ring

    A planar ternary ring (PTR) or ternary field is special type of ternary system used by Marshall Hall [1] to construct projective planes by means of coordinates. A planar ternary ring is not a ring in the traditional sense, but any field gives a planar ternary ring where the operation T {\displaystyle T} is defined by T ( a , b , c ) = a b + c ...

  5. Projective plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_plane

    The archetypical example is the real projective plane, also known as the extended Euclidean plane. [1] This example, in slightly different guises, is important in algebraic geometry , topology and projective geometry where it may be denoted variously by PG(2, R ) , RP 2 , or P 2 ( R ), among other notations.

  6. Plane (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_(mathematics)

    The archetypical example is the real projective plane, also known as the extended Euclidean plane. [4] This example, in slightly different guises, is important in algebraic geometry, topology and projective geometry where it may be denoted variously by PG(2, R), RP 2, or P 2 (R), among other notations.

  7. Euclidean plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_plane

    In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point . It is an affine space , which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines .

  8. Projective geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_geometry

    The affine coordinates in a Desarguesian plane for the points designated to be the points at infinity (in this example: C, E and G) can be defined in several other ways. In standard notation, a finite projective geometry is written PG(a, b) where: a is the projective (or geometric) dimension, and

  9. Octant (solid geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octant_(solid_geometry)

    The eight (±,±,±) coordinates of the cube vertices are used to denote them. The horizontal plane shows the four quadrants between x- and y-axis. (Vertex numbers are little-endian balanced ternary.) An octant in solid geometry is one of the eight divisions of a Euclidean three-dimensional coordinate system defined