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The curves for σ(ω) are shown in the graph. If a sinusoidally varying electric field with frequency is applied to the solid, the negatively charged electrons behave as a plasma that tends to move a distance x apart from the positively charged background. As a result, the sample is polarized and there will be an excess charge at the opposite ...
Collision frequency describes the rate of collisions between two atomic or molecular species in a given volume, per unit time. In an ideal gas , assuming that the species behave like hard spheres, the collision frequency between entities of species A and species B is: [ 1 ]
[2] [3] The curve he found of voltage versus the pressure-gap length product (right) is called Paschen's curve. He found an equation that fit these curves, which is now called Paschen's law. He found an equation that fit these curves, which is now called Paschen's law.
The electron mobility is defined by the equation: =. where: E is the magnitude of the electric field applied to a material,; v d is the magnitude of the electron drift velocity (in other words, the electron drift speed) caused by the electric field, and
The general equation can then be written as [6] = + + (),. where the "force" term corresponds to the forces exerted on the particles by an external influence (not by the particles themselves), the "diff" term represents the diffusion of particles, and "coll" is the collision term – accounting for the forces acting between particles in collisions.
A scheme comparing direct collision and diffusive collision, with corresponding rate equations. For a diluted solution in the gas or the liquid phase, the collision equation developed for neat gas is not suitable when diffusion takes control of the collision frequency, i.e., the direct collision between the two molecules no longer dominates ...
is the momentum-transfer collision frequency, m {\displaystyle m} is the mass. Mobility is related to the species' diffusion coefficient D {\displaystyle D} through an exact (thermodynamically required) equation known as the Einstein relation : μ = q k T D , {\displaystyle \mu ={\frac {q}{kT}}D,} where
Also called the probability factor, the steric factor is defined as the ratio between the experimental value of the rate constant and the one predicted by collision theory. It can also be defined as the ratio between the pre-exponential factor and the collision frequency , and it is most often less than unity.