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Phenylephrine, sold under the brand names Neosynephrine and Sudafed PE among others, is a medication used as a decongestant for uncomplicated nasal congestion in the form of a nasal spray or oral tablet, [5] to dilate the pupil, to increase blood pressure given intravenously in cases of low blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids as a suppository.
The concern goes beyond ineffectiveness; phenylephrine can come with side effects such as headaches, insomnia and nervousness. At higher doses, it can increase blood pressure.
[1] [13] [2] It has also been used off-label for certain other indications, like treatment of low blood pressure. [14] [15] [16] At higher doses, it may produce various additional effects including stimulant, [17] [1] appetite suppressant, [18] and performance-enhancing effects. [19] [20] In relation to this, non-medical use of pseudoephedrine ...
Mephentermine, sold under the brand name Wyamine among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which was previously used in the treatment of low blood pressure but is mostly no longer marketed. [ 6 ] [ 5 ] [ 4 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It is used by injection into a vein or muscle , by inhalation , and by mouth .
As Yahoo Life reported last year, when taken in oral form, phenylephrine is metabolized so quickly that the amount absorbed into the bloodstream ends up being less than 1% of what was originally ...
Older patients are at a higher risk of experiencing CNS side effects. [ citation needed ] The link possible between anticholinergic medication use and cognitive decline/dementia has been noted in weaker observational studies. [ 21 ]
Side effects of etilefrine include nausea, tremors, and palpitations, among others. [5] Etilefrine is an agonist of the α-and β-adrenergic receptors. [6] It is a substituted phenethylamine and is related to epinephrine, phenylephrine, and norfenefrine. [2] Etilefrine was first described and introduced for medical use by 1949. [7] [8]
First-line treatment; Intravenous administration [10] Belladonna alkaloid; Side effects include urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred vision; Glycopyrrolate: Quaternary ammonium compound; Does not cross blood-brain barrier; Hyperhidrosis. Reduce rate of sweating by blocking parasympathetic receptors in the central nervous system, smooth muscle ...