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Potassium channel Kv1.2, structure in a membrane-like environment. Calculated hydrocarbon boundaries of the lipid bilayer are indicated by red and blue lines.. Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. [1]
Two-pore-domain potassium channels correspond structurally to a inward-rectifier potassium channel α-subunits. Each inward-rectifier potassium channel α-subunit is composed of two transmembrane α-helices, a pore helix and a potassium ion selectivity filter sequence and assembles into a tetramer forming the complete channel. [3]
Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembrane channels specific for potassium and sensitive to voltage changes in the cell's membrane potential. During action potentials , they play a crucial role in returning the depolarized cell to a resting state.
Inward-rectifier potassium channels (K ir, IRK) are a specific lipid-gated subset of potassium channels. To date, seven subfamilies have been identified in various mammalian cell types, [1] plants, [2] and bacteria. [3] They are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2). The malfunction of the channels has been implicated in ...
The G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) are a family of lipid-gated inward-rectifier potassium ion channels which are activated (opened) by the signaling lipid PIP2 and a signal transduction cascade starting with ligand-stimulated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
An ATP-sensitive potassium channel (or K ATP channel) is a type of potassium channel that is gated by intracellular nucleotides, ATP and ADP.ATP-sensitive potassium channels are composed of K ir 6.x-type subunits and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits, along with additional components. [1]
BK channels (big potassium), are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, [1] also known as Maxi-K, slo1, or Kca1.1. BK channels are voltage-gated potassium channels that conduct large amounts of potassium ions (K + ) across the cell membrane , hence their name, big potassium .
Potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 3, also known as KCNA3 or K v 1.3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNA3 gene. [5] [6] [7] Potassium channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. Their diverse functions include regulating ...