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Phytosterols are widely recognized as having a proven LDL cholesterol lowering efficacy' [61] A 2018 review found a dose-response relationship for phytosterols, with intakes of 1.5 to 3 g/day lowering LDL-C by 7.5% to 12%, [62] but reviews as of 2017 had found no data indicating that the consumption of phytosterols may reduce the risk of CVD. [63]
Abetalipoproteinemia (also known as: Bassen–Kornzweig syndrome, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein deficiency disease, MTP deficiency, and betalipoprotein deficiency syndrome [2]) is a disorder characterized by abnormal absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins from food. [3]
LDL circulates and is absorbed by the liver and peripheral cells. Binding of LDL to its target tissue occurs through an interaction between the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein B-100 on the LDL particle. Absorption occurs through endocytosis, and the internalized LDL particles are hydrolyzed within lysosomes, releasing lipids, chiefly cholesterol.
16816 Ensembl ENSG00000213398 ENSMUSG00000035237 UniProt P04180 P16301 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000229 NM_008490 RefSeq (protein) NP_000220 NP_032516 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 67.94 – 67.94 Mb Chr 8: 106.67 – 106.67 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, also called phosphatidylcholine–sterol O-acyltransferase) is an enzyme found in ...
A high concentration of high density lipoproteins-cholesterols (HDL-C) have what is known as a vasoprotective effect on the body, a finding that correlates with an enhanced cardiovascular effect. [9] There is also a correlation between those with diseases such as chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, or diabetes mellitus and the ...
Hyperlipidemia is abnormally high levels of any or all lipids (e.g. fats, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids) or lipoproteins in the blood. [2] The term hyperlipidemia refers to the laboratory finding itself and is also used as an umbrella term covering any of various acquired or genetic disorders that result in that finding. [3]
The large subunit of MTP, also known as the alpha subunit, contains an N-terminal half beta barrel, an alpha helix and a C-terminal lipid binding site that lies between two beta pleated sheets. It is a member of the large lipid transfer protein family, like apolipoprotein B (apo B), with which it interacts, but unlike apo B, it is not secreted.
In addition to plaque formation, LDL-C molecules can undergo oxidation. [1] Oxidation can cause further accumulation of cholesterol and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which damages the blood vessels. [1] [7] Due to the damaging effects of LDL-C, high levels increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and indicate dyslipidemia. [1]