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Sulfonamide is a functional group (a part of a molecule) that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group.
Use of sulfasalazine is contraindicated in people with sulfa allergies and in those with urinary tract obstructions, intestinal obstructions, and severe liver or kidney problems. [4] Sulfasalazine metabolizes to sulfapyridine. Serum levels should be monitored every three months, and more frequently at the outset.
Articaine is not contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergies, as there is no cross-allergenicity between articaine's sulphur-bearing thiophene ring and sulfonamides. [16] Methylparaben is no longer present in any dental local anesthetic formula available in North America. [7]: 73
Author of The Demon Under the Microscope, a history of the discovery of the sulfa drugs; A History of the Fight Against Tuberculosis in Canada (Chemotherapy) Presentation speech, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, 1939; The History of WW II Medicine "Five Medical Miracles of the Sulfa Drugs". Popular Science, June 1942, pp. 73–78.
One study has shown the allergic reaction rate to be about 3.0% over 359 courses of therapy. [11] Of the allergic reactions, skin rashes, eosinophilia and drug fever were the most common, while serious reactions were less common. Sulfamethoxazole is contraindicated in people with a known hypersensitivity to trimethoprim or sulfonamides. [9]
Treating allergy symptoms with over-the-counter medication, saline spray, and, if warranted, allergy medication or injections from your doctor, may also help reduce GI symptoms as a result.
In people with a sulfa allergy certain formulations may result in problems. [1] Mesalazine is an aminosalicylate and anti-inflammatory. [1] [12] It works by direct contact with the intestines. [1] Mesalazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1987. [1] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [13]
The structure of the sulfonamide group. In organic chemistry, the sulfonamide functional group (also spelled sulphonamide) is an organosulfur group with the structure R−S(=O) 2 −NR 2.