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  2. Inversion (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_(music)

    That is, when the first goes up, the second goes down the same number of diatonic steps (with some chromatic alteration); and when the first goes down, the second goes up the same number of steps. In music theory, an inversion is a rearrangement of the top-to-bottom elements in an interval, a chord, a melody, or a group of contrapuntal lines of ...

  3. Set theory (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_theory_(music)

    The fundamental concept of musical set theory is the (musical) set, which is an unordered collection of pitch classes. [4] More exactly, a pitch-class set is a numerical representation consisting of distinct integers (i.e., without duplicates). [5] The elements of a set may be manifested in music as simultaneous chords, successive tones (as in ...

  4. Permutation (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation_(music)

    In music, a permutation ( order) of a set is any ordering of the elements of that set. [3] A specific arrangement of a set of discrete entities, or parameters, such as pitch, dynamics, or timbre. Different permutations may be related by transformation, through the application of zero or more operations, such as transposition, inversion ...

  5. Sequence (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_(music)

    Play ⓘ. In music, a sequence is the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice. [1] It is one of the most common and simple methods of elaborating a melody in eighteenth and nineteenth century classical music [1] (Classical period and Romantic music).

  6. Twelve-tone technique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve-tone_technique

    The twelve-tone technique—also known as dodecaphony, twelve-tone serialism, and (in British usage) twelve-note composition—is a method of musical composition.The technique is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music while preventing the emphasis of any one note [3] through the use of tone rows, orderings of the 12 ...

  7. Tone row - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_row

    "Mirror forms", P, R, I, and RI, of a tone row (from Arnold Schoenberg's Variations for Orchestra Op. 31, "Called mirror forms because...they are identical". [1]In music, a tone row or note row (German: Reihe or Tonreihe), also series or set, [2] is a non-repetitive ordering of a set of pitch-classes, typically of the twelve notes in musical set theory of the chromatic scale, though both ...

  8. Retrograde inversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_inversion

    Retrograde inversion is a musical term that literally means "backwards and upside down": "The inverse of the series is sounded in reverse order." [1] Retrograde reverses the order of the motif's pitches: what was the first pitch becomes the last, and vice versa. [2] This is a technique used in music, specifically in twelve-tone technique, where ...

  9. Forte number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forte_number

    Set 3-1 has three possible rotations/inversions, the normal form of which is the smallest pie or most compact form. In musical set theory, a Forte number is the pair of numbers Allen Forte assigned to the prime form of each pitch class set of three or more members in The Structure of Atonal Music (1973, ISBN 0-300-02120-8). The first number ...