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In pharmacology, bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction (%) ... Design and Analysis of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies ...
Bioequivalence. Bioequivalence is a term in pharmacokinetics used to assess the expected in vivo biological equivalence of two proprietary preparations of a drug. If two products are said to be bioequivalent it means that they would be expected to be, for all intents and purposes, the same. One article defined bioequivalence by stating that ...
Pharmacokinetics is based on mathematical modeling that places great emphasis on the relationship between drug plasma concentration and the time elapsed since the drug's administration. Pharmacokinetics is the study of how an organism affects the drug, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of how the drug affects the organism.
Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics) In the field of pharmacokinetics, the area under the curve (AUC) is the definite integral of the concentration of a drug in blood plasma as a function of time (this can be done using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry [1]). In practice, the drug concentration is measured at certain discrete points ...
ADME is the four-letter abbreviation (acronym) for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and is mainly used in fields such as pharmacokinetics and pharmacology. The four letter stands for descriptors quantifying how a given drug interacts within body over time. The term ADME was first introduced in the 1960s, and has become a ...
Studies using IA have generally measured the bioavailability of oral progesterone as less than 10%, [46] with one study reporting values of 6.2 to 8.6%. [47] [12] However, these values are overestimations; a study using LC–MS found that the bioavailability of oral progesterone was only 2.4% relative to vaginal progesterone gel. [1]
Pharmacokinetics of estradiol. The pharmacology of estradiol, an estrogen medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone, concerns its pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and various routes of administration. [10][11][12] Estradiol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological ...
Drug permeability. In medicinal chemistry, Drug Permeability is an empirical parameter that indicates how quickly a chemical entity or an active pharmaceutical ingredient crosses a biological membrane or another biological barrier to become bioavailable in the body. Drug permeability, together with drug aqueous solubility are the two parameters ...