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The disease outcome is regressed on the proportion of the population that has a higher position in the hierarchy. The RII is particularly valuable when comparing risk factors (independent variables) that are on very different scales (e.g. low SES, low IQ, cigarette smoking). The RII is calculated in the following way: [2] [clarification needed]
The ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle debated economic equality. Painting by Raffaello Sanzio (1509). According to professor of politics Ed Rooksby, the concept of equality of outcome is an important one in disputes between different political positions, since equality has overall been seen as positive and an important concept that is "deeply embedded in the fabric of modern ...
Statistical discrimination is a theorized behavior in which group inequality arises when economic agents (consumers, workers, employers, etc.) have imperfect information about individuals they interact with. [1] According to this theory, inequality may exist and persist between demographic groups even when economic agents are rational.
Social inequality usually implies the lack of equality of outcome, but may alternatively be conceptualized as a lack of equality in access to opportunity. [1] Social inequality is linked to economic inequality, usually described as the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth.
The Theil index is a statistic primarily used to measure economic inequality [1] and other economic phenomena, though it has also been used to measure racial segregation. [2] [3] The Theil index T T is the same as redundancy in information theory which is the maximum possible entropy of the data minus the observed entropy.
A pro-marriage equality rally in San Francisco, US Equality symbolSocial equality is a state of affairs in which all individuals within society have equal rights, liberties, and status, possibly including civil rights, freedom of expression, autonomy, and equal access to certain public goods and social services.
The Atkinson index is defined as: (, …,) = {(=) / (=) / = (,...,) = +where is individual income (i = 1, 2, ..., N) and is the mean income.. In other words, the Atkinson index is the complement to 1 of the ratio of the Hölder generalized mean of exponent 1−ε to the arithmetic mean of the incomes (where as usual the generalized mean of exponent 0 is interpreted as the geometric mean).
A central premise is that "social systems generate inequality, which is manifested over the life course via demographic and developmental processes." [2] Cumulative inequality and cumulative advantage/disadvantage (CAD) are two different but interrelated theories. Cumulative inequality has drawn from various theoretical traditions, including CAD.