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Subcortical dementias includes those diseases which predominantly affects the basal ganglia along with features of cognitive decline. Diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy , Huntington's chorea and Parkinson's disease are different in many features from the other cortical dementias like Alzheimer's disease .
It accounts for 50% of all dementias in Japan, 20% to 40% in Europe and 15% in Latin America. 25% of people with stroke develop new-onset dementia within one year of their stroke. One study found that in the United States, the prevalence of vascular dementia in all people over the age of 71 is 2.43%, and another found that the prevalence of the ...
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 February 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
Between 5% and 25% of diagnosed dementias in older adults are due to one of the Lewy body dementias. [14] [a] As of 2014, the Lewy body dementias affect about 1.3 million people in the US and 140,000 in the UK. [6] LBD usually develops after the age of 50. [8] Men are more likely to be diagnosed than women. [8]
People with Lewy body dementias who take neuroleptics are at risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a life-threatening illness. [51] There is no evidence to support the use of antipsychotics to treat the Lewy body dementias, [10] and they carry the additional risk of stroke when used in the elderly with dementia. [86]
Children with childhood dementias suffer severe sleep disturbances, movement disorders (e.g. muscle spasms, tremors), deterioration of communication skills, loss of vision and hearing, mood disorders, psychosis (including hallucinations and delusions) and incontinence. [3] This situation can cause many emotional changes for parents and children.
Cognitive impairment is an inclusive term to describe any characteristic that acts as a barrier to the cognition process or different areas of cognition. [1] Cognition, also known as cognitive function, refers to the mental processes of how a person gains knowledge, uses existing knowledge, and understands things that are happening around them using their thoughts and senses. [2]